What Is Hepatitis?

Hepatitis refers to inflammation or injury of the liver. Viral hepatitis is commonly caused by hepatitis A, B, C, D, or E viruses, while non-viral forms may result from alcohol, medicines, metabolic conditions, or autoimmune diseases. Some forms may resolve completely, while chronic hepatitis can cause progressive liver damage.

Common Symptoms

• Fatigue and weakness
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea or vomiting
• Abdominal discomfort
• Fever in some cases
• Dark-coloured urine
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes
• Joint or body aches

Causes & Risk Factors

Hepatitis may be caused by viral infections, excessive alcohol consumption, certain medicines or toxins, metabolic conditions, and autoimmune disorders. The risk of viral hepatitis may also increase through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, contaminated food or water, or other routes depending on the type of hepatitis.

Diagnosis & Treatment

Diagnosis may involve liver function tests, viral hepatitis blood tests, and other investigations based on the suspected cause. Ultrasound or additional liver assessment may be recommended when required. Treatment depends on the type and cause of hepatitis and may include antiviral medicines, supportive care, lifestyle changes, or management of the underlying condition.

Lifestyle Tips

• Follow a balanced and nutritious diet
• Avoid or limit alcohol consumption
• Take medicines only as advised by your doctor
• Maintain a healthy body weight
• Follow recommended vaccination and preventive measures
• Attend regular liver health check-ups
• Follow prescribed treatment consistently

When to See a Doctor?

Persistent fatigue, jaundice, dark urine, abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, or abnormal liver test results should be evaluated by a gastroenterologist. Individuals diagnosed with chronic hepatitis require regular medical monitoring to assess liver health and reduce the risk of complications.

Final Thoughts

Hepatitis can have different causes and may affect the liver in varying ways. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help control inflammation, protect liver function, and reduce the risk of long-term complications.